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Your source for expert commentary on IP management issues.
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About
MIHR
PIPRA
Fiocruz, Brazil
bioDevelopments- Institute
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GRACEN, Vernon
Vernon Gracen is currently a Visiting Professor in the department of Plant Breeding and Genetics at Cornell University. He teaches an introductory course in Plant Breeding and manages curriculum development for the Cornell Transnational Learning Program. Raised in Savannah, Georgia, he now lives in Ithaca, New York. He earned a B.S. in Education from Georgia Southern College and a Ph.D. in Agronomy from the University of Florida. He joined Cornell University as an Assistant Professor in Plant Breeding and Biometry in 1970 and moved through the ranks of Associate and Full Professor. His research interests were in the areas of breeding for disease and insect resistance in maize and cassava. He joined Cargill Hybrid Seed in 1987 as Vice President, Director of Research and Development for the North American Seed Division. He became Director of Research for Cargill’s Worldwide Seed Business in 1992. He returned to Cornell as a Visiting Professor in 2001.
Abstract
How Intellectual Property and Plant Breeding Come Together: Corn as a Case Study for Breeders and Research Managers
Abstract:
Plant breeders and research managers need to understand how intellectual property (IP) restrictions on germplasm and traits affect freedom to operate for a breeding program. Access to patented germplasm and traits is restricted and can only be used under some form of material transfer agreement or similar contract. Patented materials have to be maintained under strict provisions of the contract. This adds to the cost of breeding, parent seed, and production programs. Moreover, maintaining separate versions and precise records of patented materials increases the number of seed lots that a program must maintain. For example, different versions of inbred lines of maize must be maintained for each patented trait. Otherwise, stacking two or more traits produces lines with each trait and also lines with every combination of those traits.
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